Know every field, flow, and store containing PHI; collect less, retain shorter, and segment it behind stricter controls — the data you don't hold can't breach.
Unique user identities, role-based access, automatic session timeout, encryption in transit and at rest, and audit logs of every PHI access — build requirements, not policies.
Business Associate Agreements with every vendor in the PHI path — cloud, email, analytics, support tools — one BAA-less vendor breaks the chain; audit the whole stack.
Access reviews, breach-response runbooks, workforce training, and risk assessments on a calendar — HIPAA is a posture maintained, and examiners ask for the evidence trail. This checklist orients engineering; your compliance counsel owns the legal positions.
Skipping the discipline this article describes until an incident, audit, or stalled project forces it — every practice above is cheaper adopted early than retrofitted under pressure.
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