Reach × Impact × Confidence ÷ Effort — the value is forcing estimates into daylight where they can be challenged; the danger is decimal-point theater atop guesses.
ICE scoring for quick triage, MoSCoW for release scoping, Kano for feature-type awareness — match ceremony to stakes.
Strategic bets with delayed payoffs, platform work enabling future reach, and debt paydown — reserve explicit capacity for these or the arithmetic quietly eats the future.
Score quarterly, argue the outliers (disagreement is the information), decide with strategy as tiebreak, and publish the reasoning — the backlog inherits the discipline.
Skipping the discipline this article describes until an incident, audit, or stalled project forces it — every practice above is cheaper adopted early than retrofitted under pressure.
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