Business capabilities served, integration tendrils, the undocumented rules living in code and heads, and the actual usage data — systems always do less and more than anyone believes.
Platform obsolescence, key-person dependency, security exposure, and run-cost including the workaround labor — the burning-platform score that ranks urgency.
Retain (stable, low-risk, leave it), rehabilitate (good bones, targeted fixes), replace (strangler-style, never big-bang), retire (the 10–20% nobody actually uses).
Per-system verdicts with costs and order-of-operations — the assessment is fixed-fee, and its deck survives contact with your board.
Skipping the discipline this article describes until an incident, audit, or stalled project forces it — every practice above is cheaper adopted early than retrofitted under pressure.
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